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When twins are born, physicians can often determine whether they are identical or fraternal by examining the placenta. However, in some cases records are lost, the placenta is discarded or damaged, or physical traits create uncertainty. In such cases, only a DNA test can provide a definitive answer.

The Twin Zygosity DNA Test compares the DNA profiles of the twins:

• Exact match = Identical twins (from one fertilized egg that split)

• Non-match = Fraternal twins (from two separate fertilized eggs, like siblings born at the same time)

This test can be used for personal reassurance, medical decisions, and even legal or inheritance matters.

Who Needs to Be Tested

• One (1) set of twins

Turnaround Time

• Standard: 2 business days from receipt of all samples

Chain-of-Custody Testing (For Legal Purposes)

For results admissible in legal matters (inheritance disputes, custody, etc.), strict chain-of-custody procedures are required:

• Samples collected by a neutral third party (clinic or laboratory)

• Verified identification with government-issued ID, photo, and/or fingerprinting

• Official DDC kit used

• Completion and signing of Client Identification & Consent Form (COC-4002)

• Guardianship of tested minors verified at time of signing

• Kits may not be handled by clients before or after collection

Non-Chain-of-Custody Testing (For Personal Knowledge)

Most twin zygosity tests are performed for informational purposes only:

• At-home buccal (cheek swab) collection kit provided

• Samples collected by the twins or their guardian

• Results not valid for legal purposes

• Names listed exactly as labeled on samples

• Unique barcode assigned to each kit for tracking

Important Notes

• Results can confirm twin type for personal curiosity or provide important health information (e.g., organ/tissue transplant compatibility).

• Identical twins come from one fertilized egg (zygote) that splits early in development, resulting in two individuals with identical DNA.

• Fraternal twins come from two separate eggs fertilized by two different sperm, meaning their DNA is no more alike than typical siblings.

Key Features

• Definitively confirms if twins are identical or fraternal

• Fast results in 2 business days

• Legal (chain-of-custody) and non-legal testing options

• Provides critical information for health decisions

• Simple cheek-swab collection process